What causes squeaky brakes?
Few car problems are as bothersome as squeaky brakes. The shrill, vexing noise they make each time you engage them can be maddening. However, it’s important to note that beyond the irritation, squeaky brakes can signify a serious issue. The underlying cause of the noise might mean that your brakes require urgent attention.
Why are my brakes squeaking?
On paper, the concept of brakes seems quite straightforward. A rotor is attached to the wheel, with two brake pads positioned on either side, and a caliper exerting pressure. Pressing the brake pedal creates hydraulic pressure, forcing the caliper to squeeze the pads against the rotor, slowing the vehicle.
If you have disc brakes, then the rotors are the discs.
That’s the simplified version. Delving deeper reveals the complexity of brakes. Many intricate processes occur behind the scenes, usually unnoticed unless there’s an issue.
Squeaky brakes typically emerge from these unseen mechanisms, particularly when they malfunction. However, we’ll initially focus on the more benign reasons for brake squeal before exploring the graver causes.
What causes brakes to squeak?
Depressing the brake pedal creates friction between the brake pads and the rotor, leading to either gradual or immediate deceleration. This friction generates vibrations, with each braking component vibrating at its unique frequency, meaning the calipers, brake pads, and rotors each resonate differently.
Automakers invest significant effort in finely tuning the brake system components for quiet operation. Factory brakes rarely suffer from ongoing squeal issues. It’s usually in the aftermarket domain that more complex scenarios arise.
Addressing the nature of the squeal, there are persistent and intermittent types:
- Persistent squeal occurs every time the brake pedal is pressed, irrespective of the brakes’ temperature.
- Intermittent squeal typically emerges during the first few instances of braking, especially when brakes are cold and damp, such as in the morning. It usually disappears after a short period of driving as the brakes warm up and dry out, and is generally not a cause for concern.
Why does it squeak every time I brake?
Revisiting vibrations, it’s essential to understand that not all brake components are harmoniously compatible. Occasionally, the vibration frequency of your calipers might clash with that of your new aftermarket pads, leading to a dissonant high-pitched squeal due to frequency mismatch.
Addressing this issue typically involves one of two solutions: replacing the pads or tuning the brakes. Given the reluctance to discard newly purchased, potentially high-quality performance pads, tuning often becomes the preferred option.
Brake tuning can be achieved through two main methods: using shims or applying brake lube. Both techniques have been effective in mitigating the issue of noisy brakes.
Are brake shims necessary?
Shims are metal inserts placed between the brake pad and the caliper, acting as a buffer between the two components that vibrate independently. Their purpose is to dampen the noise by disrupting the direct contact and vibration transfer. While many high-end new brake pads include shims pre-installed, they are also available for purchase separately in the aftermarket for those looking to enhance or replace existing ones.
Do you maybe need a brake lubricant?
The alternative method is applying brake lube. This lubricant is typically used at the contact points between the caliper bracket and the brake pads. Similar to shims, the objective of using brake lube is to eliminate gaps between the brake system components, allowing them to vibrate cohesively. It’s widely recommended as a best practice to apply some brake lube when installing new brake pads to ensure smooth operation and reduce noise.
Is it safe to drive if my brakes are squeaking?
Squeaky brakes in themselves do not jeopardize the safe braking function of your car, however, it’s important to note that persistent squeaking can sometimes be a symptom of more serious, potentially hazardous brake problems.
Check your Brake Pad Wear Indicator
The first item on this critical list is the brake pad wear indicator. Many modern brake pads include a small metal tab that protrudes over the pad’s friction surface. This tab is designed to make contact with the rotor once the pad has worn down to a specific level. The resulting noise when this tab grazes the spinning rotor is often a squeak, although some indicators might emit more of a growling noise. Regardless of the type of sound, persistent noise from your brakes should prompt an immediate check of the pad’s wear condition.
Is it OK to drive with worn brake pads?
No. Driving a car with worn-out pads is unsafe.
Once your brake pads are completely worn out, the backing plate of the pad will begin to contact the rotor. This situation is extremely dangerous, necessitating immediate replacement of the brake pads or towing the car to a shop for repair.
How do I know if my brake discs or rotors are bad?
Here are some common signs that your brake discs or rotors may need attention:
- Vibrations: If you feel pulsating or vibrations through the brake pedal or steering wheel when you apply the brakes, it could indicate warped rotors.
- Visible Wear: Inspect the surface of the rotor. Grooves, rough spots, or significant rust can indicate wear. Rotors should have a relatively smooth and even surface.
- Squealing or Grinding Noises: Unusual sounds like squealing when braking can signal that the brake pads are worn and may be causing damage to the rotors.
- Reduced Brake Performance: If your vehicle takes longer to stop, or the brakes feel less responsive, it could be due to deteriorating rotors.
- Thin Rotors: Over time, rotors wear down. If they become too thin, which you can check against the manufacturer’s minimum thickness specification, they won’t dissipate heat properly, affecting braking efficiency.
- Excessive Heat Damage: Discoloration or blue spots on the rotors can indicate overheating, which can warp the metal and reduce braking performance.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it may be time to change your brake discs.
Can I change brake discs myself?
Yes, you can change brake discs yourself if you have the right tools, a basic understanding of car mechanics, and a guide to follow. However, it’s important to consider a few things:
- Skill Level: Make sure you’re comfortable with basic mechanical tasks. Changing brake discs involves several steps and understanding of how your car’s braking system works.
- Tools: You’ll need a jack to lift the car, a lug wrench to remove the wheels, and the appropriate tools to remove and replace the brake discs and pads. Make sure you have everything you need before you start.
- Safety: Always ensure the car is securely lifted and supported before you start working on it. Never rely on just a jack to hold the car up.
- Instructions: Have a detailed guide or manual specific to your vehicle’s make and model. This will provide step-by-step instructions on how to change the brake discs. We recommend Haynes.
- Quality Parts: Use high-quality brake discs and pads suitable for your vehicle. This is crucial for your safety and the longevity of your brake system. We stock a full selection of Brembo braking components and other premier brand products.
- Check Regulations: Some regions might have regulations or require inspections after such changes. Ensure you’re complying with local laws.
If you’re unsure at any point, it’s always safer to consult with a professional mechanic or take your car to a reputable service center. Brakes are a critical safety component of your vehicle, so it’s important to ensure they’re installed correctly.